vocabulary from Rosetta stone, first version and version 4
Latin American Spanish
Dishes:
el vaso - cup
el tazo - cup
el tazón - bowl
el plato- plate
Office supplies-
la pluma - pen
el bolígrafo -pen (version 4)
el papel - paper
verbs-
tener - to have
sostener - to hold (usage of con with sostener - sostiene el telefono CON su mano izquierda)
Adjectives -
redondo - round
cuadrado- square (adj)
rectangular - rectanular
algo - something
Ambas mujeres - some women
ninguna mujer - no women
Use of a pronoun?
- una esta senalando con su mano derecha y la otra esta con su mano izquierda.
Nouns -
el micrófono - microphone
la cantante and el cantante - singer
la guitarra- guitar (grammar) tiene una guitarra en la mano izquierda y una en la mano derecha - note the pattern here of una
gire - turn
no estacione - no parking
no gire a la izquierda/a la derecha - no left turn, no right turn
no gire en U - no U turn
el reloj - watch
la ventana - window
la casa - house
señal - sign
la vaca - cow
el canguro - kangaroo
words to be confirmed-
Aviso - caution?
venado - deer?
Grammar -
- Está señalando CON su mano derecha. - pointing with the right hand.
- shapes grammar- no es X, Y, ni Z
use 'es' with shapes like round or square.
Showing posts with label Unit 1. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Unit 1. Show all posts
Saturday, May 28, 2016
Saturday, May 4, 2013
Question words
Rosetta Stone
1-1-10
Question words
¿Quíen? - Who? When asking a question ex. ¿Quíen está bebiendo?
¿Qué? - What? When asking a question
¿Qué llevan las mujeres? - What are the women wearing? The verb comes after the question word, then the noun.
¿Qué es este? - What is this? (close to speaker) estos = these. esta and estas are feminine
¿Qué es eso? - What is that? (far from speaker) esos = those. esa and esas are feminine
¿Qué es aquel? - What is that over there? (far away from both speaker and listener) aquellos = those. Aquella and aquellas = fem.
Also a neuter form for the demonstratives is used for discussing abstracts or an unknown objects
esto - this ¿Qué es esto? would be used when you have no idea what it is.
eso - that
aquello - that over there
Good site discussing this: http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/demonstratives.htm
¿Dónde? - Where? When asking a question
¿Dónde está...? Where is...? (singular) example ¿Dónde está el gato?
¿Dónde están...? Where is...? (plural) example ¿Dónde están los gatos?
¿De qué color...? - What color ...? ¿De qué color es este carro?
¿Cuál de...? - Which of ...? Like, which of these cars is blue? ¿Cuál de los carros es azul? Notice that the verb and adjective stay singular, even though 'carros' is plural.
¿Qué está haciendo ...'noun?' - What is 'noun' doing? ¿Qué está haciendo el niño? El niño está nadando.
Notice again, to ask a question: Question word (Qué) verb (está haciendo) and lastly, noun (el niño). Where in English, we say: What is the boy doing? So, it's question word (What) part of verb (is) noun (the boy) last part of verb (doing?).
1-1-10
Question words
¿Quíen? - Who? When asking a question ex. ¿Quíen está bebiendo?
¿Qué? - What? When asking a question
¿Qué llevan las mujeres? - What are the women wearing? The verb comes after the question word, then the noun.
¿Qué es este? - What is this? (close to speaker) estos = these. esta and estas are feminine
¿Qué es eso? - What is that? (far from speaker) esos = those. esa and esas are feminine
¿Qué es aquel? - What is that over there? (far away from both speaker and listener) aquellos = those. Aquella and aquellas = fem.
Also a neuter form for the demonstratives is used for discussing abstracts or an unknown objects
esto - this ¿Qué es esto? would be used when you have no idea what it is.
eso - that
aquello - that over there
Good site discussing this: http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/demonstratives.htm
¿Dónde? - Where? When asking a question
¿Dónde está...? Where is...? (singular) example ¿Dónde está el gato?
¿Dónde están...? Where is...? (plural) example ¿Dónde están los gatos?
¿De qué color...? - What color ...? ¿De qué color es este carro?
¿Cuál de...? - Which of ...? Like, which of these cars is blue? ¿Cuál de los carros es azul? Notice that the verb and adjective stay singular, even though 'carros' is plural.
¿Qué está haciendo ...'noun?' - What is 'noun' doing? ¿Qué está haciendo el niño? El niño está nadando.
Notice again, to ask a question: Question word (Qué) verb (está haciendo) and lastly, noun (el niño). Where in English, we say: What is the boy doing? So, it's question word (What) part of verb (is) noun (the boy) last part of verb (doing?).
sobre vs. encima de vs. en
Rosetta
1-1-10
prepositions that came up during question words
sobre - a preposition. In this context, it means above or over. More vague
encima de - encima de is used as an adverb, means more like 'on top of.'
en - on
An example of how this can change meaning.
La mujer está sobre la mesa.
The woman is above the table. She could be on it, jumping over it, above it somehow else, like on a ladder or stepstool. Can be touching it or not.
La mujer está encima de la mesa.
The woman is on top of the table. Can be touching it...it seems less likely used if there is no physical contact, but I'm not certain.
La mujer está en la mesa.
The woman is on the table, but this can also mean 'in the table,' so this could need context to make sure the meaning was clear, it sounds like.
A great list of common prepositions and common meanings: http://spanish.about.com/od/prepositions/a/prepositions.htm
They are: a, antes de, bajo, cerca de, con, contra, de, delante de, dentro de, desde, después de, detrás de, durante, en, encima de, enfrente de, entre, fuera de, hacia, hasta, para, por, según, sin, sobre, and tras.
1-1-10
prepositions that came up during question words
sobre - a preposition. In this context, it means above or over. More vague
encima de - encima de is used as an adverb, means more like 'on top of.'
en - on
An example of how this can change meaning.
La mujer está sobre la mesa.
The woman is above the table. She could be on it, jumping over it, above it somehow else, like on a ladder or stepstool. Can be touching it or not.
La mujer está encima de la mesa.
The woman is on top of the table. Can be touching it...it seems less likely used if there is no physical contact, but I'm not certain.
La mujer está en la mesa.
The woman is on the table, but this can also mean 'in the table,' so this could need context to make sure the meaning was clear, it sounds like.
A great list of common prepositions and common meanings: http://spanish.about.com/od/prepositions/a/prepositions.htm
They are: a, antes de, bajo, cerca de, con, contra, de, delante de, dentro de, desde, después de, detrás de, durante, en, encima de, enfrente de, entre, fuera de, hacia, hasta, para, por, según, sin, sobre, and tras.
Spanish - clothing, camisa vs. camiseta and abrigo vs. chaqueta
Rosetta Stone
1-1-9
Clothing continued, with added material
Camiseta vs. camisa vs. blusa:
camiseta (f) - shirt, t-shirt, pullover shirt. This is for more casual shirts, typically without buttons, and can refer to clothing worn by a man or woman.
camisa (f) - shirt, dress shirt, button up shirt. This will often have buttons, more formal, often referring to clothing worn by a man.
blusa (f) - shirt, often with buttons, more formal or dressy, potentially. This is always referring to clothing worn by women.
Abrigo vs. chaqueta:
abrigo (m) - long, overcoat (abrigar - to keep warm)
chaqueta (f) - shorter jacket
chaqueta de lluvia (f) - rain jacket
Various other clothing:
el sombrero - hat
traje de baño - bathing suit
anteojos - glasses
el zapato - shoe
los calcetines - socks
el vestido - dress
Some references used:
A forum post about chaqueta and abrigo, mostly in spanish: http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=1768336
1-1-9
Clothing continued, with added material
Camiseta vs. camisa vs. blusa:
camiseta (f) - shirt, t-shirt, pullover shirt. This is for more casual shirts, typically without buttons, and can refer to clothing worn by a man or woman.
camisa (f) - shirt, dress shirt, button up shirt. This will often have buttons, more formal, often referring to clothing worn by a man.
blusa (f) - shirt, often with buttons, more formal or dressy, potentially. This is always referring to clothing worn by women.
Abrigo vs. chaqueta:
abrigo (m) - long, overcoat (abrigar - to keep warm)
chaqueta (f) - shorter jacket
chaqueta de lluvia (f) - rain jacket
Various other clothing:
el sombrero - hat
traje de baño - bathing suit
anteojos - glasses
el zapato - shoe
los calcetines - socks
el vestido - dress
Some references used:
A forum post about chaqueta and abrigo, mostly in spanish: http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=1768336
Pants, Pantalón vs. Pantalones
Rosetta Stone
1-1-9
Clothing with added material
1-1-9
Clothing with added material
Pantalón vs. pantalones
The girl wears pants is: La niña lleva pantalón. La niña lleva pantalones.
The girls wear pants is Las niñas llevan pantalón. Las niñas llevan pantalones.
Both pantalón and pantalones seem to be correct and can be used interchangeably, according to some sources. However, more sources say that pantalones is more often used.
Although it looks like this may be one of those grammar issues for native spanish speakers too, considering there are spanish articles on this:
I am marking the above site here until I can translate it all and figure out what the right answer is. :-)
Also of note:
Whether it's a singular or plural set of people wearing pants, both the singular and plural of pants seems to be okay to use. Ex: Las mujeres llevan pantalón.
I have also seen 'pantalón' and 'pantalones' both with and without an article (el, los, un, or unos), following llevar. I am unsure if this is preference or if there is a rule I do not yet know.
Other bottoms:
calzones - shorts (Latin America and Mexico)
pantalones cortos (m) - shorts, a pair of shorts
calzoncillos - underpants
vaqueros(m) - denim trousers/jeans
jeans (m) - jeans (Mexican slang). This seems to be used with a plural article for a singular pair of jeans.
jeans ceñidos or vaquero ajustado - skinny jeans
falda (f) - skirt
Other bottoms:
calzones - shorts (Latin America and Mexico)
pantalones cortos (m) - shorts, a pair of shorts
calzoncillos - underpants
vaqueros(m) - denim trousers/jeans
jeans (m) - jeans (Mexican slang). This seems to be used with a plural article for a singular pair of jeans.
jeans ceñidos or vaquero ajustado - skinny jeans
falda (f) - skirt
Spanish - colors
Rosetta Stone
1-1-3
Colors with added material
Colors:
colors are adjectives, so match in gender and number and come after the nouns in spanish
*oscuro - dark (can also use with colors, like azul oscuro = dark blue)
*claro - light (can also use with colors, like azul claro = light blue)
*NOTE: some sources from Mexico are using different terms for light and dark WITH THE COLOR BLUE:
azul marino - navy blue
azul cielo - I think 'sky blue' is the best translation of this, perhaps
rosado(a) - pink
rojo(a) - red
blanco(a) - white
negro(a) - black
marrón - brown (also castaño, moreno, or pardo, depending on the shade)
gris - gray
morado(a) - purple (or púpura)
verde - green
amarillo(a) - yellow
anaranjado(a) - orange
azul - blue
plateado(a) - silver
dorado(a) - gold(en)
Nouns can also be used as colors, like we use the term coffee. However, if they are, frequently they will still be treated as a noun and not change number or gender, although the longer they have been used in this capacity, the more they seem to shift to changing in number and gender like a normal adj. Different speakers may use them differently, as a result.
An example:
a coffee-colored shirt is una camisa de color café.
Also, with nouns used as color, the de color or color de may be left out, so you'd just have 'una camisa café.' This information, plus more on this, can be found at this site: http://spanish.about.com/od/adjectives/a/colors.htm
Some spanish nouns that are also used as colors:
beige, beis - beige (according to some, the 'beige' is pronounced close to 'beish.'
cereza - cherry colored
chocolate - chocolat colored
esmerelda - emerald
grana - dark red
humo- smoky
lila - lilac
malva - mauve
mostaza - mustard colored
naranja - orange
oro - gold
paja- straw colored
rosa - pink
turquesa - turqoise colored
violeta - violet
1-1-3
Colors with added material
Colors:
colors are adjectives, so match in gender and number and come after the nouns in spanish
*oscuro - dark (can also use with colors, like azul oscuro = dark blue)
*claro - light (can also use with colors, like azul claro = light blue)
*NOTE: some sources from Mexico are using different terms for light and dark WITH THE COLOR BLUE:
azul marino - navy blue
azul cielo - I think 'sky blue' is the best translation of this, perhaps
rosado(a) - pink
rojo(a) - red
blanco(a) - white
negro(a) - black
marrón - brown (also castaño, moreno, or pardo, depending on the shade)
gris - gray
morado(a) - purple (or púpura)
verde - green
amarillo(a) - yellow
anaranjado(a) - orange
azul - blue
plateado(a) - silver
dorado(a) - gold(en)
Nouns can also be used as colors, like we use the term coffee. However, if they are, frequently they will still be treated as a noun and not change number or gender, although the longer they have been used in this capacity, the more they seem to shift to changing in number and gender like a normal adj. Different speakers may use them differently, as a result.
An example:
a coffee-colored shirt is una camisa de color café.
Also, with nouns used as color, the de color or color de may be left out, so you'd just have 'una camisa café.' This information, plus more on this, can be found at this site: http://spanish.about.com/od/adjectives/a/colors.htm
Some spanish nouns that are also used as colors:
beige, beis - beige (according to some, the 'beige' is pronounced close to 'beish.'
cereza - cherry colored
chocolate - chocolat colored
esmerelda - emerald
grana - dark red
humo- smoky
lila - lilac
malva - mauve
mostaza - mustard colored
naranja - orange
oro - gold
paja- straw colored
rosa - pink
turquesa - turqoise colored
violeta - violet
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)